Windmill



No. 626,559. Patented lune 6, |899. 0. OLSSON.

WINDMILL. applicano med oet. 22, 189s.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet l.

f3 /N VE/Vrof? Q 0| sS0N- Patented lum; 5, |3g9 WINDMILL.

(Application filed Get. 22, 1898-.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2,

(No Windel.)

S. n R m M N 0 n n W A m: Nonms Puras no, Pumaurno.. vnsmmz'rcm4 n. c.

No. 926,559. Y Patented June s, |399.

No. 626,559. Patented June 6, |899.

o. oLssoN.

WINDMILL.

(Application mea oct. 22, 159s.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

.1 l l I /IVVENTO/ am Y BY ATTORNEYS.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ORED OLSSON, OF ORD, NEBRASKA.

WINDMIL'L.`

, SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 626,559, dated June 6, 1899.

Application iiled Uetoher 22,1898. Serial No. 694,318. (No model.)`

T0 cir/ZZ whom, t may concern,.-

Be it known that l, ORED OLSSON, of Ord,

in the county of Valley and State of Nebraska, have invented a new and Improved lVindmill, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in windmills of that type in which the vanes are made automatically adjustable in angle and are controlled by a governor,which is mounted directly upon the mill.

My invention comprises the novel construction of the vanes and Wheel, as well as the peculiar form of governor and the means for controlling the governor and connecting the same with the vanes.

The invention also comprises the novel features hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specication, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is an elevation of my windmill, showingan edge view ofthe Wheel. Figi is an elevation of the pivoting frame upon which the wheel is mounted, the View being at right angles to that of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a side view of the wheel in the direction of the arrow a: in Fig. l, the supporting-shaft being in seetion. Fig. 4t is an enlarged view of the collar which surrounds the central shaft and to which the vane-guys are attached. Figs. 5 and G are transverse sections taken, respectively, upon the lines 5 5 and 6 6 in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a transverse section taken upon the line 7 '7 in Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through the axis of the wheel. Figs. E) and l0 are transverse sectional views of two adjacent vanes, showing the connection of the governor thereto and of the links by which the vanes are all moved simultaneously to dispose them at varied angles toward the wind. Fig. 1l isa transverse sectional view through one vane and center shaft, taken upon the line ll ll in Fig. l2 and showing other details connected therewith. Fig. l2 is an enlarged fragmentary side view of a por- V'tion of one vane and the controlling connections thereto, taken in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1. Fig. 13 is a similar view taken from the opposite side of the vane, and

manner that it may be constructed entirely of iron and steel, is entirely automatic in its action, and is so mounted as to obviate the necessity for a regulating-varie, the mill being so mounted relatively to its pivot that it will at all times swing to such a point that it will face the wind. The mill is also provided with a governor so connected with the vanes that they will be turned at an angle to the wind corresponding with its speed and in eX- tremely-high winds will turn the dat blades or vanes so that they present much less surface to the wind. The mill is supported upon a frame A, provided with avertieally-depending sleeve A', (see Fig. 8,) said sleeve entering a journal-bearing in a casing C, supported upon the upper end of a tower or other sup,- port (not shown) for the windmill. The lower end of this hollow journal or sleeve is provided With an extension, to which is secured a block a. or other device, which will prevent its being lifted out of its bearing. Upon an upright arm of the frame A a horizontally extending sleeve A2 is formed or aflxed, through which passes the shaft D of the windmill. On an upright extension from the arm mentioned a horizontally-extending sleeve A is formed, through which passes the journalshaft of a crank-gear B, which meshes with a pinion B', secured to the end 0f the shaft D. The crank-gear B is connected, by means of a link B2, with the pump-rod B3, which passes downward through the central hole in the journal-sleeve A and :is connected by any suitable means with the pump or other mechanism which the Wheel operates. The upper end of the pump-rod B3 is controlled in its motion by means of a link B4, which is connected thereto and to the outer end of an arm A5, forming a part of or connected with the movable frame A. The hole in the journalsleeve A is of such size as will permit a proper rocking motion of the link B2 and the pumprod B3.

In loose contact with the rear end of the sleeve A2 is a hub D, keyed or otherwise secured upon the shaft D and forming the` hub of the wind-wheel. Secured to this hub and IOO extending radially therefrom are the arms E of the wind-wheel, which, as herein shown, are constructed of iron pipes. vThe llat varies, which are pivotally mounted upon the outer portions of these arms, each consist of a plate of metal'G, which has its side edges formed with laterally-projecting flanges g and also has a-hollow rib g' formed thereon, these ribs -and flanges serving to materially stiften the plate and prevent its being deformed. Extending across the inner or narrow end of such vaneis a flat metal bar K, which is riveted or otherwsesecured thereto and in its central portion has a loop K'. formed therein of such'size as to receive the arm or spoke E and have a loose bearing thereon. Near the outer end of the vane is a similar bar G,which is also provided with a loop G2, (see'Fig. 14,) said loop extending through a narrow slot in the vane and about the spoke or arm E of the wheel, forming a second pivot-bearing. The vane is also stiffened by a flat bar of metal G3, secured to the opposite side of the Vane and extending over the outer pivot-bearin g in the manner shown in Figs. 12 and 14. This forms a species of truss and makes the vane very stiff. The spokes or arms E are provided with collars I and I2, secured to their outer ends one on each side of the loop G2, thus holding the vane in proper place upon the arm. The collar I is secured to the arm E by means of a" bolt I', which passes through both and also serves asa pin for the links which join the various arms to each other and the guys which connect their outer ends with the central shaft, as will be further described.

Mounted upon the frame-sleeve A2 at some distance from the hub D is a collar e, which' is formed in two pieces, as shown in Fig. 4, each piece being provided with two flanges e4, through which pass bolts e5. This collar is held in place by means of ribs or flanges d, which are formed upon the sleeve A2. Guys E2 extend from the collar e to the outer end of each of the arms E. These guys each have an eye or loop formed in the inner end,throu gh which passes one end of the bolt I', as clearly shown in Figs. 11 and 12. The outer ends of adjacent arms or spokesE are connected with each other by means of links E', which have eyes formed in their ends, through which the bolts I pass. One of these links E is made in two pieces, the adjacent ends ofV each piece being threaded, and a turnbuekle E5 (see Fig. 3) is screwed thereon, so that all of the links may be tightened up.

connection is made not directly with the arm,

but with a loop formed in the end of one of J the links E close to its point of attachment to the arm, as clearly shown in Fig. 11. This method of construction makes a wheel-frame which is very stiff and at the same time is light and which does not furnish a large area for the action of the wind.

The hub D has two arms D2 extending oppositely andforming a pivotal support for the governor-arms d', which, as herein shown, are constructed of two pieces of bar-iron and which pass one upon each side of the arm D2 and are united at each end. The exact construction of these arms is, however, immaterial, the formation thereof shown being a desirable one. The inner ends of the governorarms are pivotally connected to the links F', which have their outer ends pivoted upon a collar f, mounted to slide upon the shaft D outside of the hub, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Between the collar f and the collar e acoiled spring Fis mounted on the shaftD and presses the collar f" toward the hub D. Between thecollarf and the hub is placed a short coiled spring f,' which prevents shock at any time when the collar f is thrown back toward the hub.

Upon the outer ends of the governor-arms are mounted adjustable weights d2, which may be secured at various points and the speed of the mill thereby'regulated. Each of the governor-arms is provided with a laterally-extending arm d3, which is connected by means of ,a link d5 with a projecting end of the bar G', secured to a vane G, as before mentioned. One edge of each vane G, to which a respective governor-arm is directly connected, is secured to the corresponding edge of an adjacent vane upon one side thereof by means of a link H, and this latter vane is secured by a similar link H to the corresponding edge of the vane next adjoining.

This divides the vanesV into two sets, each set including one-half ofthe vanes operated, respectively, by an appropriate governor-arm. It is not desirable to connect all of the vanes directly with each other by their edges, as

, the points of connection of the links with the vanes is at a greater distance from the shaft when. in working position, as shown in Fig. 1, than when thrown out of gear, and consequently the periphery of a circle passing IOO IIO

through these pointsis greater when the vanes are in one position than when they are in another. By reason of the fact that the connection of these links with the va-nes is at a greater distance from the arms E at one end than at the other and that there are two breaks lin the. continuity of the connection the trouble which would otherwise arise is in a measure corrected. It is evident that under the action of the governor all of the vanes will be turned simultaneously, so as to present `the same inclination to the wind. In

Fig. 1 the governor and the vanes are shown in the position which they would occupy when the wheel is stationary or running at a low rate of speed. In this position the vanes assume a maximum angle to the direction of the wind-current and the governor-arms are disposed at less than a right angle with regard to the axis ofthe shaft D. As the speed of the mill increases the weights upon the governor-arms will tend to fly outward and to draw the arms into the position shown in Fig. 8 or substantiallyin the same plane with the axis of the main shaft D. This is the position which the governor and the vanes occupy when the mill is thrown into inoperative position or when subjected to the pressure of a very strong Wind-current, as in this position the vanes lie substantially in the direction of and present but little more than their edges to the wind. Hence the rotative ellect is very greatly reduced. ln order to be able to control the speed-of the mill or to stop it by hand, the inner ends of the governor-arms are connected by means of links F2 to a ring F3, which lies Within a peripheral groove in acollar F4, said collar beinginounted to slide upon the sleeve A2. The sleeve .A2 has a longitudinally-extending groove J' on one side, and within this groove liesa rod J, which is secured at one end ot' the collar FL. The rod J is connected by means of a link J2 to one end of a bell-crank lever J3,

said bell-crank lever being pivoted upon the` end of an arm A4, secured to or 'forming a part of the frame A, which carries the mill. To one end of the bell-crank lever J2 is connected a wire or cord J4, which extends downward th rough the central opening in the sleeve A to the ground, where it may be manipulated to control the mill. By pulling downward upon the wire JL the collar F4 is slid toward the hub and the governor-arms are thrown into the position shown in Fig. 8, the vanes at the same time being turned so as to present their edges toward the wind. In this position the mill will not run in any ordinary wind. The adjustment may be so made that it will be impossible for the mill to turn in any way.

The lateral limb d on each governor-arm CZ is connected by a link H with the outer edge of one of the arms E of the wind-wheel, said link acting as a guide for the governorarm and holding the latter against lateral movement. VAn extension (Z4 of the arm d3 is provided with a hook so located that it will en gage one of the links E and limit the movement of the governor-arm when the latter is in one extreme position, said position being the one occupied by the mill when not running in alight wind, which position is shown in Fig. l. The direction of the action of the wind upon the mill is shown by the arrows in Figs. l and S. The wheel thus lies at one side of its pivot-point, and the wind acting upon the wheel will serve to turn it upon its pivot, so as to make it at all times face the wind. It is thus unnecessary to have a regulating-vane for this purpose. All the parts of this mill have been made of iron, so that it will not quickly wear out or become broken. The construction of all the parts is also such that if broken or lost they may be readily replaced by any ordinary blacksmith. All the wearing parts of the mill have also been made very large, so that the amount of wear will be inappreciable and the mill will consequently be long-lived. The mill can also be dismembered, and no part is of such great size as to prevent easy transportation.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A windmill, having spokes and vanes i mounted to turn on the spokes, connections between the vanes to turn them all together, links connecting the spokes, governor-arms pivoted upon and turning with the mill, and limiting-hooks upon the governor-arms,adapted to engage the links when the vanes are in one limiting position, substantially asdescribed.

ln a windmill, a frame or standard having a horizontal arm provided with a shaftbearing extending lengthwise of the same, a wheelshaft within said bearing, a wheel `mounted on the shaft7 a collar journaled outside the horizontal arm of the frame and held against longitudinal movement thereon, and guys extending from said collar to the wheelarms, substantially as described.

A windmill, having radial spokes, and vanes each consisting of a plate having a longitudinally-extending bar secured thereto, said arms each having a loop formed therein and adapted to encircle a spoke to form a pivot-bearin g, said plates having holes adapted to receive said loops and through which the loops extend, substantially as described.

4. A windmill, comprising a wheel having a shaft, spokes, vanes pivoted upon the spokes, a governor comprising arms pivoted upon the wheel-frame and connected with the vanes' to control their angle, a frame having a horizontally-extendin g sleeve receiving the shaft, said sleeve having an external longitudinallyextending groove, a ring turning upon the sleeve and held against sliding thereon, guys or braces extending from the arm to the Wheelframe, a collar slidable upon the sleeve, links connecting the collar with the governor-arms, a bar lying in the groove in the sleeve and passing through the ring and engaging the collar, and connections to said bar from the ground, whereby the bar and the collar may be slid upon the sleeve to shift the governor and vanes, substantially as described.

5. A Windmill, comprising a wheel having a shaft, spokes, vanes pivoted upon the spokes, a governor comprising arms pivoted upon the wheel-frame and connected with the vanes to control their angle, a coiled spring surrounding the shaft, a collar upon the shaft and engaging one end of thespring, links connecting the collar and the governor-arms, a frame having a horizontally-extending sleeve re- IOO IIO

groove in the sleeve and Within the ring and engaging the collar, and connections from the ground to said bar whereby it and the collar may be slid upon the sleeve to shift the governor and vanes, substantially as described.

6. A Windmill, having radial spokes, vanes each consisting of a plate pivoted upon the spokes and having transversely-extending bars secured tothe plate in pairs, one bar of each pair having a loop formed therein embracing the spoke to form a pivot and the other bowing outward to pass outside said loop, thus forming a truss-bar,substantially as described.

7. A Windmill, comprising a Wheel having a controlling or governor mechanism carried thereon, a frame having a sleeve receiving the Wheel-shaft, and having an exterior lon gitudinal groove, a collar Or ring mounted to turn upon the sleeve but held against longitudinal movement thereon, guys or braces extending from said collar to the Wheel, a bar lying Within the groove and connected. with the controlling mechanism, and means for moving said bar by hand, substantially as described.

8. A Windmill, comprising a Wheel having a controlling Or governor mechanism carried thereon, a frame havinga sleeve receiving the wheel-shaft and having an exterior longitudinal groove, a collar Or ringmounted to turn upon the sleeve but held against longitudinal movement thereon, guys or braces extending from said collar to the Awheel, a second collar mounted to slide upon the sleeve, connections from this collar to the controlling mechanism, a bar lying within the groove and connected with the second collar, and means for moving said bar by hand, substantially as described.

ORED OLSSON.

Witnesses: Y

H. L. REYNOLDS, EVERARD BOLTON MARSHALL. 

